VZŤAH MEDZI SPIRITUALITOU A VÝSKYTOM DEPRESÍVNYCH PRÍZNAKOV U SENIOROV

Mária Sováriová Soósová; Boris Mauer

doi:10.46585/hc.2022.2.2082

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Mária Sováriová Soósová Univerzita Pavla Jozefa Šafárika v Košiciach, Lekárska fakulta. Ústav ošetrovateľstva https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5000-821X
Boris Mauer Gemerclinic n.o. Hnúšťa, Slovenská republika https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2850-3665

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46585/hc.2022.2.2082

Klíčová slova:

spiritualita, depresia, škála spirituality, starnúca populácia

Abstrakt

Východiská: Svet v súčasnosti čelí globálnemu nárastu starnúcej populácie, čo súvisí s nárastom disability a zvyšovaním výdavkov na sociálnu a zdravotnú starostlivosť. Depresia je jednou z najčastejších príčin disability. Súčasné výskumy poukazujú na významný dosah spirituality a religiozity vo vzťahu k depresii a duševnému zdraviu. Cieľ: Analyzovať vzťah medzi spiritualitou a výskytom depresívnych príznakov u seniorov. Metódy: Emitovaná bola Škála spirituality a Zungov sebahodnotiaci dotazník depresie. Pearsonov korelačný koeficient, analýza rozptylu a lineárna regresná analýza boli použité na analýzu dát. Výsledky: Vo vzorke 250 seniorov, miera závažnosti depresívnej symptomatológie signifikantne stúpala s vekom, u seniorov žijúcich osamele, so základným vzdelaním a tých, ktorí sa nepovažovali za spirituálnu alebo náboženskú osobu. Signifikantne vyššia miera spirituality s kladnou valenciou bola zaznamenaná u starších seniorov, žien, vysokoškolsky vzdelaných a tých, ktorí sa považovali za veľmi spirituálnu alebo náboženskú osobu. Nižšia frekvencia depresívnych symptómov bola signifikantne predikovaná vyššou mierou spirituality, vyšším vekom a nižším vzdelaním. Podobný efekt vo vzťahu k depresívnym prejavom mala aj vnímaná dôležitosť náboženstva, v živote seniorov, modlitby a čítanie náboženskej literatúry. Závery: Spiritualita/náboženstvo bolo identifikované ako malý, ale signifikantný protektívny faktor v prevencii depresie. Vzhľadom na to sa ako vhodné javí aplikovanie spirituálnych/náboženských intervencií do starostlivosti o seniorov.

Stažení

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